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Understanding Earth: Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation

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Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to the variety of all life on Earth—on all levels, from genes to species, ecosystems, and biomes. Over the last several decades, however, research has shown that global biodiversity has been on the decline. For decades, satellite and airborne remote sensing instruments have been observing environmental changes that impact biodiversity. This brochure describes how satellite observations—often combined with other measurements taken on the ground or from aircraft—provide information relevant to the distribution of ecosystems and their resident species and how scientists use this information to understand patterns of biodiversity, how biodiversity is changing, the drivers of the changes, and to predict the impacts of environmental changes on biodiversity in the future.
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